United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres has launched a new action plan to combat the escalating spread of hate speech, emphasizing the critical role of traditional and indigenous leaders in fostering peace and social cohesion. Speaking at the UN Headquarters in New York during the launch of the Muscat Action Plan, Guterres highlighted the destructive nature of hate speech, stating it “divides communities, dehumanizes entire groups, and paves the way for bloodshed.” He further underscored its deliberate nature, calling it a fundamental component in the playbook of “nearly every genocide and atrocity crime.”
The Importance of Traditional Leaders
Guterres outlined a multi-pronged approach to break this “vicious cycle.” This includes education, support for victims, stronger interventions by governments and tech companies, and deeper engagement with traditional and indigenous leaders. He stressed that these leaders possess crucial insights into local realities and have earned the respect and trust of their people. Their authority, he noted, can help de-escalate tensions before they spiral, and their experience increases the likelihood that disputes will be mediated, resolved, implemented, and sustained with respect.
Hate Speech Spreading Rapidly
The Secretary-General observed that hate speech is being “fueled by unregulated platforms and amplified by artificial intelligence (AI),” leading to its spread at a pace faster than ever before. While states bear the primary responsibility for preventing genocide and other atrocity crimes, Guterres asserted that all segments of society have a role to play. The Muscat Action Plan is the result of a multi-stakeholder process led by the Sultanate of Oman, the UN Office of the Special Adviser on the Prevention of Genocide and the Responsibility to Protect (OSAPG), and the Network of Religious and Traditional Peacebuilders. It was jointly coordinated by the UN Alliance of Civilizations (UNAOC), which promotes peaceful, inclusive, and just societies through intercultural and interreligious dialogue. Oman’s Minister of Endowments and Religious Affairs, Dr. Mohamed bin Said Al Mamari, stated that his country’s commitment to presenting this plan was built on “decades of human connection and collaborative work,” with experience forged through building blocks of coexistence and mutual trust.
Areas for Action
The UN Secretary-General described the Plan as a reminder that hate speech serves as a warning sign for the future of violence and a catalyst accelerating its arrival. He identified four key areas where Member States can play a vital role. Firstly, they should enhance accountability for digital platforms and integrate user safety into the design of online products and services. Secondly, countries must strengthen local capacity for prevention and mediation. Actions in this area include training in human rights monitoring and reporting, guidance on non-violent methods against hate speech and incitement, mentorship aligned with international standards and local values, and education promoting respect for diversity and non-discrimination.
Dialogue, Cooperation, and Inclusivity
Thirdly, Member States should foster dialogue that builds mutual understanding and social cohesion. They must also assist traditional and indigenous leaders in countering hateful narratives by deconstructing myths, debunking harmful ideologies, refuting rumors, condemning incitement to violence, and promoting tolerance and coexistence. Fourthly, Guterres called for deeper cooperation among traditional, indigenous, and political actors. This includes expanding opportunities for traditional and indigenous leaders to resolve local conflicts and developing policy guidance on local mechanisms for combating hate speech and preventing atrocity crimes.
Youth, Women, and Faith Leaders
The Secretary-General emphasized that efforts to prevent hate speech and atrocity crimes must keep traditional and indigenous leaders “front and center,” while also including faith leaders, youth leaders, and women leaders. He specifically highlighted the critical importance of women’s meaningful participation, referencing UN Security Council Resolution 1325 on Women, Peace, and Security.
Rights, Dignity, and Freedom of Expression
Guterres reiterated states’ clear obligations under international law to combat incitement to hatred and promote inclusivity, respect for diversity, and solidarity. However, he cautioned that efforts to curb hate speech should not be used to stifle freedom of expression. “At the same time, freedom of expression must never be an excuse for harmful messages,” he added. He affirmed the UN’s commitment to advancing the UN Strategy and Plan of Action on Hate Speech, and the Global Principles for Information Integrity, which he described as a roadmap for a safer and more ethical digital ecosystem. “Together, we can build the inclusive, just, and peaceful societies that all people deserve,” he concluded.
